RESUMO
This single-center cohort study assesses the association of tumor mutational burden status in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and response to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.
Assuntos
Neoplasias de Próstata Resistentes à Castração , Masculino , Humanos , Neoplasias de Próstata Resistentes à Castração/patologia , Biomarcadores TumoraisRESUMO
Immuno-oncology (IO) has made monumental gains in the past decade in the genitourinary space. In this review, we highlight advances with IO in renal cell carcinoma where it now has become standard-of-care frontline therapy in the metastatic setting but also discuss challenges with the initial approach. In urothelial carcinoma, we discuss the growing use of IO including exciting recent updates with IO-based regimens that may soon become the new standard of care. We further discuss difficulties with IO in prostate cancer, germ cell tumors, and penile squamous cell carcinoma. Finally, we highlight advances in IO approaches beyond checkpoint inhibition including the role of the gut microbiome and T-cell redirecting therapies.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células de Transição , Imunoterapia , Neoplasias Renais , Neoplasias da Próstata , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária , Humanos , Masculino , OncologiaRESUMO
Immunotherapy has failed to achieve durable remissions in advanced prostate cancer patients. More potent T-cell-redirecting strategies may be needed to overcome the immunologically exclusive and suppressive tumor microenvironment. Clinical trials are underway, seeking to define the optimal target for T-cell redirection, such as PSMA, PSCA, or STEAP-1, as well as the optimal strategy, with CAR or bispecific antibodies. As results continue to emerge from these trials, understanding differential toxicity and efficacy of these therapies based on their targets and functional modifications will be key to advancing these promising therapies toward clinical practice. This review provides a unique depth and breadth of perspective regarding the diverse immunotherapy strategies currently under clinical investigation for men with advanced prostate cancer.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Biespecíficos , Neoplasias da Próstata , Anticorpos Biespecíficos/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Imunoterapia/métodos , Masculino , Neoplasias da Próstata/patologia , Linfócitos T , Microambiente TumoralRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is an uncommon variant of psoriasis that is characterized clinically by sterile pustule formation superimposed over inflamed, erythematous skin. METHODS: In June 2019, we conducted a systematic search of the PubMed Medline database using the keywords 'pustular psoriasis' and 'treatment'. RESULTS: First-line treatment for the condition consists of established therapies, such as acitretin, cyclosporine, methotrexate, and infliximab. Several medications targeting IL-17 or IL-23 have also emerged recently with drugs such as ixekizumab, secukinumab, brodalumab, guselkumab, and ustekinumab having shown some efficacy. CONCLUSIONS: This review highlights the research in support of common treatments of GPP, including classically used medications and newer monoclonal antibodies, and addresses the continued need for high quality studies regarding treatments for this condition.
